According to the news reports, the CEO from Ford and GM are no longer traveling by plane to go see Congress in D.C. Instead, they'll travel down in their own hybrids in an effort to disengage themselves from the corporate jet image they left with.
GM Chairman and CEO Wagoner will be traveling in a Chevy Malibu Hybrid, while For CEO Alan Mulally will take a Ford Escape Hybrid from Detroit to D.C. Wagoner's staff may be flying down, but Mulally's staffers will take turns with him in driving the Escape.
Chrysler Nardelli hasn't said if he'll be driving, but it's a good guess he won't be traveling by corporate jet.
Wednesday, 3 December 2008
Tuesday, 2 December 2008
The Fisker Karma
Fisker Automotive will be showing the first production model at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit. It will be very similar to the show car shown off at the show in January.
The Karma is not exactly for everyone. With a pricetag of $87,900, very few will be enjoying its comforts. It's a very impressive Extended Range Electric Vehicle (plug-in hybrid), with all the bells and whistles you might expect. You can travel up to 50 miles on all electric power, and after that, the gas engine will kick in and you can run in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode.
The electric motor is powered by the (very large!) battery pack (22.6 kWh). You can charge it using an 110V or 220V plug
Fisker estimates you can get 100 mpg out of this very powerful sports car if you commute less than 50 miles a day and charge the Karma overnight. And you can go 0-60 in 5.8 seconds. You can select which mode you prefer on the fly, stealth or sports. The stealth mode restricts your powerful engine and extends the all electric range, while the sports mode allows for enhanced vehicle performance.
And, just to top it off, there will be solar panels on the roof. The energy captured goes to the battery pack, giving you an extended range on all electric power.
Read more about the Karma, how it's being built in Finland, or just follow the category (Fisker) tag at the end of this post.
Press Release Follows:
RVINE, Calif., Dec. 2 /PRNewswire/ -- Fisker Automotive, Inc., a green American premium sports car company, today announced that its first production car, the Fisker Karma, will be showcased at the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS). With only minor design enhancements made to the exterior of the vehicle, the production Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid retains the extreme proportions and beautiful sculpture of the January 2008 Karma show car.
"We are very excited to be bringing the Fisker Karma back to NAIAS," said Fisker Automotive CEO Henrik Fisker. "In the year since we debuted the Karma, the reception we've received has been tremendous. I'm proud to announce at this time that we are already sold out on the car until mid-2010."
With a base price of $87,900 (USD), the Fisker Karma is scheduled to begin delivery in November 2009. Featuring the proprietary Q-Drive powertrain, the Fisker Karma will have an all-electric range of 50 miles (80km). After the all electric 50 miles, the gasoline engine turns a generator to charge the lithium ion battery. Once the 50-mile electric range has been exceeded, the Fisker Karma can be used as a normal hybrid vehicle. With this balance of electric and gas range, Fisker Automotive estimates that most Karma drivers who charge the Karma overnight and commute less than 50 miles per day will be able to achieve an average fuel economy of 100 mpg (2.4L/100km) per year.
The production model to be featured at the 2009 NAIAS will include an upper grill that is graphically enhanced, being slightly larger towards the outer corners. The lower air intake has been enlarged to allow for more airflow and underneath the rear bumper, an aerodynamic diffuser includes the integration of a cooling cover for the electric drivetrain.
To optimize cooling and aerodynamics, the exhaust pipe from the ICE engine is routed directly out behind the front wheels. A small functional side vent will release the hot air when the ICE engine is turned on. The Fisker Karma also features a complete flush B-pillar. The B-pillar is a safety feature and already fulfills the proposed 2012 rollover protection safety regulations.
Underneath the Karma is an all aluminum spaceframe made in cooperation with Norsk Hydro. The exterior body is a combination of aluminum panels and composite panels.
The Karma has a unique sustainable interior strategy. The design of the interior cabin is a luxurious tailored space for four adults. The interior will be unveiled for the first time in its final form at the 2009 NAIAS.
The vehicle's ride and handling is decisively sporty and includes very responsive steering. The Karma's long wheel base, wide track and low center of gravity provide excellent cornering and stability at highway speeds.
The innovative powertrain, Q-drive, utilizes a large, powerful lithium ion battery and a powerful 2-liter direct injected turbo-charged 4-cylinder gasoline engine developing 260 hp, which enables the Karma to achieve a continuous top speed of 125 mph and a 0-60 of 5.8 seconds. The large powerful lithium ion battery provides 22.6 kWh, which has unique control software. The two powerful electric motors deliver a combined 408 hp.
Additional features of the Karma include:
Karma Powertrain "Q-Drive"
Powertrain Overview Description
The Karma powertrain is a high performance, high efficiency, plug-in hybrid electric system comprised of three electric machines, three inverters, a turbo-charged 2.0 L high-feature DI gasoline engine and an advanced Lithium- ion technology battery pack. This hardware combination coupled with the innovative Q-Drive control system provides for a unique driving experience where energy, power, feel, and fuel economy are optimized to satisfy driver demands.
Energy Storage System
The energy storage system incorporates an advanced lithium-ion chemistry battery pack with integrated control and safety systems that ensure safe and powerful operation throughout the operating life. The system has a maximum storage capacity of 22.6 kW-hrs and is capable of delivering a peak electric power of 200 kW (500 Amps at 400 Volts) throughout the charge depleting range of operation. The Advanced Lithium Power battery pack has been designed for the rigorous requirements of the automotive environment, and is a full "plug and play unit" utilizing all advanced vehicle communications software. The battery pack uses inherently safe cell chemistry and has been designed with multiple levels of software and hardware features to ensure optimal performance while providing the highest levels of safety features.
Powertrain Electric Traction
The power dense dual motor traction drive is capable of delivering a peak output mechanical power of 300 kW (408 hp) and a peak torque of 1300 Nm (959 Ft-lb) to the input of the differential. In Sport mode this provides for a high performance luxury sport sedan acceleration time of 0 to 60 mph (0-100 km/h) in less than 6 seconds. The sustained (electronic limited) top speed is 125 mph (200 km/h).
Karma Powertrain Operating Modes
Stealth
Stealth is the default mode of operation. In this mode of operation the Q-Drive continuously optimizes the system performance and efficiency around fuel economy and electric operation. The high efficiency traction system and stable battery pack operating characteristics provide for full no-compromise electric performance on the urban driving schedule. The total achievable all electric range of greater than 50 miles is realized while in Stealth mode. In this mode the maximum vehicle speed will be limited to 95 mph with slightly limited acceleration. When electric mode is exited, the charge sustaining low energy threshold has been reached. The Q-Drive system then transitions to HEV operation. In HEV mode, the Q-Drive still optimizes fuel economy.
Sport
Sport is a driver selectable feature allowing for enhanced vehicle performance operation. This mode takes full advantage of the peak traction system performance capability and delivers the peak on-demand power and torque in order to achieve a 0 to 60 mph time of 5.8 seconds and a top speed of 125 mph. At anytime the driver can switch between stealth and sport modes. Should the driver wish to change back to Stealth mode, the Q-Drive will transition the vehicle operation to the Stealth mode low energy operating threshold.
HEV
When in HEV or charge sustaining mode the Q-Drive control system operates the vehicle very much the same as a normal strong hybrid. This includes deceleration engine shutdown, zero speed engine-off, electric launch and auto- start capability, and charge sustaining while maintaining charge balancing throughout the customer drive cycle. When the driver is in Sport mode, the Q- Drive automatically transitions to the charge sustaining mode at a higher SOC level than when in Stealth mode. This ensures that sufficient energy is available to support driver demands. Should the driver transition from Stealth to Sport while in HEV mode, the Q-Drive will restore the higher low- energy threshold. This provides for a high performance, on-demand, no- compromise, vehicle operation.
Fuel Economy & Energy Recovery
The Q-Drive system in all modes of operation works synchronously with the regenerative braking system and optimizes the energy recovery around driving conditions, driver demands for downhill simulated engine braking, vehicle speed, and road conditions.
Exterior Design
Eco Chic
Low, wide and coupe-like in profile, sensually sculpted surfaces mix with dramatic and powerful proportions to give the Fisker Karma a "look" all its own. The Karma's dynamic stance is just as much a thing of beauty as it is a result of the car's proprietary technical layout. Standard 22-inch light alloy rims at all four corners make Karma a world-leader in the wheel to body relationship. Form and function go hand in hand at Fisker.
Furthermore, innovative and functional design features such as side- mounted charging indicators, state-of-the-art LED-Xenon lighting, unique external-mounted speaker covers and a one-piece solar glass roof work in harmony to express the new design aesthetic that is Eco-Chic.
The exterior design of the production Karma is instantly recognizable and makes no compromises, with only minor changes from the 2008 Karma show car.
Headlamps/Tail lamps
The Karma headlamp combines a Bi-Xenon main lighting module with state-of- the-art LEDs making it one of the most energy-efficient headlamps ever offered. The distinctive bezel design is yet another example of the new Eco- Chic aesthetic.
The tail lamps features state-of-the-art LEDs for low energy consumption
Solar Roof
The Fisker Karma is unique in having the world's largest continuous formed glass solar roof panel on a car. The splayed solar cell array maximizes solar ray absorption under various lighting conditions. The graphic accent that runs between the solar cells gives the solar roof a unique and futuristic appearance.
Solar Roof Functionality
The Karma solar energy system converts radiated power from the sun into stored electrical energy. All energy gained from the sun supplants that of the batteries and fuel, effectively increasing the electric range of the Karma.
Solar Power Modes
During vehicle on mode and accessory mode, the electrical system will use all available solar power. For vehicle off mode, the driver may choose from 3 solar power strategies.
1. Auto - the Karma will use the solar power for optimal benefit and focus on system efficiency and reduced costs, including energy and longevity. The Karma will use this default strategy unless the driver selects otherwise, and the Karma resets to this strategy after each power-on.
2. Climate - the energy management system will utilize the solar power to ventilate the passenger compartment and reduce the effects of radiant heating. The driver can select this option from the solar menu.
3. Charging - the Karma will store as much energy as possible from solar power. The driver can select this option from the solar menu.
System Architecture
The solar system architecture consists of a the solar panel and power conditioning devices which manage the power delivered utilizing maximum power point (MPP) tracking. The solar panel is comprised of 4 electrically separate zones, each consisting of 20 cells in series. Each of the 4 zones incorporates MPP tracking to maximize power output for various solar radiation angles and partial shading conditions.
As a subsystem, it serves as an integral part of the vehicle onboard energy management strategy to continuously optimizes and manage on board vehicle energy.
Technical Specifications
-- 0.5 kWh/day
-- 130 W
Charging Port
-- Locking charging port with lid for 110V and 220V charging on driver's side rear quarter panel (analog to fuel filler on passenger side)
High-Performance Spaceframe Body Structure
Embodied in the Fisker Karma is a high-performance light-weight aluminum space-frame - developed by the most experienced body structure engineers in the automotive industry. The Karma aluminum spaceframe fulfills high stiffness targets for bending and torsion while fulfilling all current crash standards. The strong aluminum spaceframe allows the driver of the Fisker Karma to experience a new level of body rigidity and damping. The resulting steering feel and the driving dynamics will be unmatched in the 4-door sports sedan class.
The side glass "DLO" appears as one smooth, unbroken curved surface that incorporates a flush B-pillar. Due to the strong B-pillar, the Fisker Karma easily fulfills the proposed 2012 rollover protection rules.
Vehicle Architecture
The Fisker Karma's vehicle architecture layout features the lithium ion battery packaged into the tunnel enabling a very low center of gravity in the middle of the vehicle - perfect for best driving dynamics and safety. A further advantage of this architecture is the completely closed and rigid body shell that surrounds the driver and the passengers between the front and the rear of the vehicle.
Interior
The final production interior will be unveiled in Detroit at the NAIAS on January 15, 2009.
Chassis - Suspension
Designed to match the unique driving experience of the Fisker Karma's electric driveline, the suspension system balances attributes of a grand touring sedan with the fun-to-drive characteristics of a legitimate sports car. Using a systems integration approach to the complex tradeoffs of an all new plug-in hybrid platform, engineers were able to meet rigorous functional targets that are competitive with other luxury sports sedans. The design result takes advantage of Karma's low center of gravity, wide track, and long wheelbase to deliver a unique driving experience with a blend of response and comfort.
Both front and rear suspensions feature a "short long arm" (SLA) architecture with a short spindle height. Similar to that found in many sports cars, the compact package of the SLA suspension is compatible with Karma's low overall hood height and a dramatic rear end styling.
All suspension components including control arms, knuckles and sub frame are made from lightweight cast aluminum. The liberal use of aluminum in many chassis components reduces the overall weight, including un-sprung weight, to improve agility and ride performance.
The Karma is controlled at each of four wheels with mono-tube shock absorbers that are specifically tuned to improve the level of roll damping, giving a sense of flat cornering with little body roll. The rear shock absorbers are load-leveling, so the vehicle maintains its showroom stature at any loaded condition.
Fundamental to the driver interface, the steering is a hydraulically power-assisted rack and pinion. The hydraulic power unit is electrically driven and tuned for optimum steering feel with a programmable servo assist feature. Steering ratio is 14 to 1, with 2.7 turns lock-to-lock giving remarkable steering responsiveness. Specific focus has been also been given to balancing highway responsiveness with reduced parking efforts, giving a sense of an overall smaller and more nimble vehicle.
Brake Actuation System
-- Electro-hydraulic brake boost unit with integral chassis control
functions:
-- Brake proportioning
-- ABS
-- Traction control
-- Stability control
-- Electrically regenerative brake blending with friction braking
-- Parking Brake
-- Electrically actuated parking brake, bi-directional switch operation
Chassis - Wheels & Tires
-- Tires
-- Front: 245/35R22 Michelin Pilot Sport PS2 with optimized rolling
resistance
-- Rear: 265/35R22 Michelin Pilot Sport PS2 with optimized rolling
resistance
Overall Vehicle Specifications
-- Acceleration ('sport' mode)
-- 0-60 miles/hour = 5.8 seconds (0-100 km/h in 60 seconds)
-- Top speed (continuous) = 125 miles/hour (200 km/h)
-- Weight
-- curb weight = 4,650 lbs
-- Range
-- Electric Only Range = 50 miles EPA city cycle
-- Total Range = Over 300 miles
-- Exterior Dimensions
-- Overall Length = 4987 mm
-- Overall Width = 1984 mm
-- Overall Height = 1330 mm
-- Front Overhang = 913 mm
-- Rear Overhang = 914 mm
-- Wheelbase = 3160 mm
-- Front Track = 1689 mm
-- Rear Track = 1720 mm
Powertrain Specifications:
-- Rear Wheel Drive
-- Performance:
-- Stealth Mode = max 95 mph - battery only
-- Performance Mode = max 125 mph (ICE & battery - combined)
-- Drive Motor(s) Power = 2 x 150 kW (408 hp)
-- Battery Size
-- Dimensions = 1870 mm L x 205 mm W x 360 mm H
-- Energy Capacity = 22.6 kW hours
-- ICE Powertrain = 2.0 Liter DI Turbo Ecotec
-- Exhaust System Location = Engine Bay
-- Transmission = Not Required
The Fisker Karma will be assembled by Valmet Automotive in a highly automized assembly facility. Valmet Automotive is currently producing the Porsche Boxster and Porsche Cayman. The first Fisker Karma will be delivered to customers in November 2009. Yearly volume is anticipated to reach 15,000 cars per year.
A total of 40 retailers for the U.S. will be established by October 2009. Fisker Automotive will announce 20 of their Retailers in January 2009. European pricing will be announced at the International Geneva Motor Show in March, 2009.
The Karma is not exactly for everyone. With a pricetag of $87,900, very few will be enjoying its comforts. It's a very impressive Extended Range Electric Vehicle (plug-in hybrid), with all the bells and whistles you might expect. You can travel up to 50 miles on all electric power, and after that, the gas engine will kick in and you can run in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode.
The electric motor is powered by the (very large!) battery pack (22.6 kWh). You can charge it using an 110V or 220V plug
Fisker estimates you can get 100 mpg out of this very powerful sports car if you commute less than 50 miles a day and charge the Karma overnight. And you can go 0-60 in 5.8 seconds. You can select which mode you prefer on the fly, stealth or sports. The stealth mode restricts your powerful engine and extends the all electric range, while the sports mode allows for enhanced vehicle performance.
And, just to top it off, there will be solar panels on the roof. The energy captured goes to the battery pack, giving you an extended range on all electric power.
Read more about the Karma, how it's being built in Finland, or just follow the category (Fisker) tag at the end of this post.
Press Release Follows:
RVINE, Calif., Dec. 2 /PRNewswire/ -- Fisker Automotive, Inc., a green American premium sports car company, today announced that its first production car, the Fisker Karma, will be showcased at the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS). With only minor design enhancements made to the exterior of the vehicle, the production Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid retains the extreme proportions and beautiful sculpture of the January 2008 Karma show car.
"We are very excited to be bringing the Fisker Karma back to NAIAS," said Fisker Automotive CEO Henrik Fisker. "In the year since we debuted the Karma, the reception we've received has been tremendous. I'm proud to announce at this time that we are already sold out on the car until mid-2010."
With a base price of $87,900 (USD), the Fisker Karma is scheduled to begin delivery in November 2009. Featuring the proprietary Q-Drive powertrain, the Fisker Karma will have an all-electric range of 50 miles (80km). After the all electric 50 miles, the gasoline engine turns a generator to charge the lithium ion battery. Once the 50-mile electric range has been exceeded, the Fisker Karma can be used as a normal hybrid vehicle. With this balance of electric and gas range, Fisker Automotive estimates that most Karma drivers who charge the Karma overnight and commute less than 50 miles per day will be able to achieve an average fuel economy of 100 mpg (2.4L/100km) per year.
The production model to be featured at the 2009 NAIAS will include an upper grill that is graphically enhanced, being slightly larger towards the outer corners. The lower air intake has been enlarged to allow for more airflow and underneath the rear bumper, an aerodynamic diffuser includes the integration of a cooling cover for the electric drivetrain.
To optimize cooling and aerodynamics, the exhaust pipe from the ICE engine is routed directly out behind the front wheels. A small functional side vent will release the hot air when the ICE engine is turned on. The Fisker Karma also features a complete flush B-pillar. The B-pillar is a safety feature and already fulfills the proposed 2012 rollover protection safety regulations.
Underneath the Karma is an all aluminum spaceframe made in cooperation with Norsk Hydro. The exterior body is a combination of aluminum panels and composite panels.
The Karma has a unique sustainable interior strategy. The design of the interior cabin is a luxurious tailored space for four adults. The interior will be unveiled for the first time in its final form at the 2009 NAIAS.
The vehicle's ride and handling is decisively sporty and includes very responsive steering. The Karma's long wheel base, wide track and low center of gravity provide excellent cornering and stability at highway speeds.
The innovative powertrain, Q-drive, utilizes a large, powerful lithium ion battery and a powerful 2-liter direct injected turbo-charged 4-cylinder gasoline engine developing 260 hp, which enables the Karma to achieve a continuous top speed of 125 mph and a 0-60 of 5.8 seconds. The large powerful lithium ion battery provides 22.6 kWh, which has unique control software. The two powerful electric motors deliver a combined 408 hp.
Additional features of the Karma include:
Karma Powertrain "Q-Drive"
Powertrain Overview Description
The Karma powertrain is a high performance, high efficiency, plug-in hybrid electric system comprised of three electric machines, three inverters, a turbo-charged 2.0 L high-feature DI gasoline engine and an advanced Lithium- ion technology battery pack. This hardware combination coupled with the innovative Q-Drive control system provides for a unique driving experience where energy, power, feel, and fuel economy are optimized to satisfy driver demands.
Energy Storage System
The energy storage system incorporates an advanced lithium-ion chemistry battery pack with integrated control and safety systems that ensure safe and powerful operation throughout the operating life. The system has a maximum storage capacity of 22.6 kW-hrs and is capable of delivering a peak electric power of 200 kW (500 Amps at 400 Volts) throughout the charge depleting range of operation. The Advanced Lithium Power battery pack has been designed for the rigorous requirements of the automotive environment, and is a full "plug and play unit" utilizing all advanced vehicle communications software. The battery pack uses inherently safe cell chemistry and has been designed with multiple levels of software and hardware features to ensure optimal performance while providing the highest levels of safety features.
Powertrain Electric Traction
The power dense dual motor traction drive is capable of delivering a peak output mechanical power of 300 kW (408 hp) and a peak torque of 1300 Nm (959 Ft-lb) to the input of the differential. In Sport mode this provides for a high performance luxury sport sedan acceleration time of 0 to 60 mph (0-100 km/h) in less than 6 seconds. The sustained (electronic limited) top speed is 125 mph (200 km/h).
Karma Powertrain Operating Modes
Stealth
Stealth is the default mode of operation. In this mode of operation the Q-Drive continuously optimizes the system performance and efficiency around fuel economy and electric operation. The high efficiency traction system and stable battery pack operating characteristics provide for full no-compromise electric performance on the urban driving schedule. The total achievable all electric range of greater than 50 miles is realized while in Stealth mode. In this mode the maximum vehicle speed will be limited to 95 mph with slightly limited acceleration. When electric mode is exited, the charge sustaining low energy threshold has been reached. The Q-Drive system then transitions to HEV operation. In HEV mode, the Q-Drive still optimizes fuel economy.
Sport
Sport is a driver selectable feature allowing for enhanced vehicle performance operation. This mode takes full advantage of the peak traction system performance capability and delivers the peak on-demand power and torque in order to achieve a 0 to 60 mph time of 5.8 seconds and a top speed of 125 mph. At anytime the driver can switch between stealth and sport modes. Should the driver wish to change back to Stealth mode, the Q-Drive will transition the vehicle operation to the Stealth mode low energy operating threshold.
HEV
When in HEV or charge sustaining mode the Q-Drive control system operates the vehicle very much the same as a normal strong hybrid. This includes deceleration engine shutdown, zero speed engine-off, electric launch and auto- start capability, and charge sustaining while maintaining charge balancing throughout the customer drive cycle. When the driver is in Sport mode, the Q- Drive automatically transitions to the charge sustaining mode at a higher SOC level than when in Stealth mode. This ensures that sufficient energy is available to support driver demands. Should the driver transition from Stealth to Sport while in HEV mode, the Q-Drive will restore the higher low- energy threshold. This provides for a high performance, on-demand, no- compromise, vehicle operation.
Fuel Economy & Energy Recovery
The Q-Drive system in all modes of operation works synchronously with the regenerative braking system and optimizes the energy recovery around driving conditions, driver demands for downhill simulated engine braking, vehicle speed, and road conditions.
Exterior Design
Eco Chic
Low, wide and coupe-like in profile, sensually sculpted surfaces mix with dramatic and powerful proportions to give the Fisker Karma a "look" all its own. The Karma's dynamic stance is just as much a thing of beauty as it is a result of the car's proprietary technical layout. Standard 22-inch light alloy rims at all four corners make Karma a world-leader in the wheel to body relationship. Form and function go hand in hand at Fisker.
Furthermore, innovative and functional design features such as side- mounted charging indicators, state-of-the-art LED-Xenon lighting, unique external-mounted speaker covers and a one-piece solar glass roof work in harmony to express the new design aesthetic that is Eco-Chic.
The exterior design of the production Karma is instantly recognizable and makes no compromises, with only minor changes from the 2008 Karma show car.
Headlamps/Tail lamps
The Karma headlamp combines a Bi-Xenon main lighting module with state-of- the-art LEDs making it one of the most energy-efficient headlamps ever offered. The distinctive bezel design is yet another example of the new Eco- Chic aesthetic.
The tail lamps features state-of-the-art LEDs for low energy consumption
Solar Roof
The Fisker Karma is unique in having the world's largest continuous formed glass solar roof panel on a car. The splayed solar cell array maximizes solar ray absorption under various lighting conditions. The graphic accent that runs between the solar cells gives the solar roof a unique and futuristic appearance.
Solar Roof Functionality
The Karma solar energy system converts radiated power from the sun into stored electrical energy. All energy gained from the sun supplants that of the batteries and fuel, effectively increasing the electric range of the Karma.
Solar Power Modes
During vehicle on mode and accessory mode, the electrical system will use all available solar power. For vehicle off mode, the driver may choose from 3 solar power strategies.
1. Auto - the Karma will use the solar power for optimal benefit and focus on system efficiency and reduced costs, including energy and longevity. The Karma will use this default strategy unless the driver selects otherwise, and the Karma resets to this strategy after each power-on.
2. Climate - the energy management system will utilize the solar power to ventilate the passenger compartment and reduce the effects of radiant heating. The driver can select this option from the solar menu.
3. Charging - the Karma will store as much energy as possible from solar power. The driver can select this option from the solar menu.
System Architecture
The solar system architecture consists of a the solar panel and power conditioning devices which manage the power delivered utilizing maximum power point (MPP) tracking. The solar panel is comprised of 4 electrically separate zones, each consisting of 20 cells in series. Each of the 4 zones incorporates MPP tracking to maximize power output for various solar radiation angles and partial shading conditions.
As a subsystem, it serves as an integral part of the vehicle onboard energy management strategy to continuously optimizes and manage on board vehicle energy.
Technical Specifications
-- 0.5 kWh/day
-- 130 W
Charging Port
-- Locking charging port with lid for 110V and 220V charging on driver's side rear quarter panel (analog to fuel filler on passenger side)
High-Performance Spaceframe Body Structure
Embodied in the Fisker Karma is a high-performance light-weight aluminum space-frame - developed by the most experienced body structure engineers in the automotive industry. The Karma aluminum spaceframe fulfills high stiffness targets for bending and torsion while fulfilling all current crash standards. The strong aluminum spaceframe allows the driver of the Fisker Karma to experience a new level of body rigidity and damping. The resulting steering feel and the driving dynamics will be unmatched in the 4-door sports sedan class.
The side glass "DLO" appears as one smooth, unbroken curved surface that incorporates a flush B-pillar. Due to the strong B-pillar, the Fisker Karma easily fulfills the proposed 2012 rollover protection rules.
Vehicle Architecture
The Fisker Karma's vehicle architecture layout features the lithium ion battery packaged into the tunnel enabling a very low center of gravity in the middle of the vehicle - perfect for best driving dynamics and safety. A further advantage of this architecture is the completely closed and rigid body shell that surrounds the driver and the passengers between the front and the rear of the vehicle.
Interior
The final production interior will be unveiled in Detroit at the NAIAS on January 15, 2009.
Chassis - Suspension
Designed to match the unique driving experience of the Fisker Karma's electric driveline, the suspension system balances attributes of a grand touring sedan with the fun-to-drive characteristics of a legitimate sports car. Using a systems integration approach to the complex tradeoffs of an all new plug-in hybrid platform, engineers were able to meet rigorous functional targets that are competitive with other luxury sports sedans. The design result takes advantage of Karma's low center of gravity, wide track, and long wheelbase to deliver a unique driving experience with a blend of response and comfort.
Both front and rear suspensions feature a "short long arm" (SLA) architecture with a short spindle height. Similar to that found in many sports cars, the compact package of the SLA suspension is compatible with Karma's low overall hood height and a dramatic rear end styling.
All suspension components including control arms, knuckles and sub frame are made from lightweight cast aluminum. The liberal use of aluminum in many chassis components reduces the overall weight, including un-sprung weight, to improve agility and ride performance.
The Karma is controlled at each of four wheels with mono-tube shock absorbers that are specifically tuned to improve the level of roll damping, giving a sense of flat cornering with little body roll. The rear shock absorbers are load-leveling, so the vehicle maintains its showroom stature at any loaded condition.
Fundamental to the driver interface, the steering is a hydraulically power-assisted rack and pinion. The hydraulic power unit is electrically driven and tuned for optimum steering feel with a programmable servo assist feature. Steering ratio is 14 to 1, with 2.7 turns lock-to-lock giving remarkable steering responsiveness. Specific focus has been also been given to balancing highway responsiveness with reduced parking efforts, giving a sense of an overall smaller and more nimble vehicle.
Brake Actuation System
-- Electro-hydraulic brake boost unit with integral chassis control
functions:
-- Brake proportioning
-- ABS
-- Traction control
-- Stability control
-- Electrically regenerative brake blending with friction braking
-- Parking Brake
-- Electrically actuated parking brake, bi-directional switch operation
Chassis - Wheels & Tires
-- Tires
-- Front: 245/35R22 Michelin Pilot Sport PS2 with optimized rolling
resistance
-- Rear: 265/35R22 Michelin Pilot Sport PS2 with optimized rolling
resistance
Overall Vehicle Specifications
-- Acceleration ('sport' mode)
-- 0-60 miles/hour = 5.8 seconds (0-100 km/h in 60 seconds)
-- Top speed (continuous) = 125 miles/hour (200 km/h)
-- Weight
-- curb weight = 4,650 lbs
-- Range
-- Electric Only Range = 50 miles EPA city cycle
-- Total Range = Over 300 miles
-- Exterior Dimensions
-- Overall Length = 4987 mm
-- Overall Width = 1984 mm
-- Overall Height = 1330 mm
-- Front Overhang = 913 mm
-- Rear Overhang = 914 mm
-- Wheelbase = 3160 mm
-- Front Track = 1689 mm
-- Rear Track = 1720 mm
Powertrain Specifications:
-- Rear Wheel Drive
-- Performance:
-- Stealth Mode = max 95 mph - battery only
-- Performance Mode = max 125 mph (ICE & battery - combined)
-- Drive Motor(s) Power = 2 x 150 kW (408 hp)
-- Battery Size
-- Dimensions = 1870 mm L x 205 mm W x 360 mm H
-- Energy Capacity = 22.6 kW hours
-- ICE Powertrain = 2.0 Liter DI Turbo Ecotec
-- Exhaust System Location = Engine Bay
-- Transmission = Not Required
The Fisker Karma will be assembled by Valmet Automotive in a highly automized assembly facility. Valmet Automotive is currently producing the Porsche Boxster and Porsche Cayman. The first Fisker Karma will be delivered to customers in November 2009. Yearly volume is anticipated to reach 15,000 cars per year.
A total of 40 retailers for the U.S. will be established by October 2009. Fisker Automotive will announce 20 of their Retailers in January 2009. European pricing will be announced at the International Geneva Motor Show in March, 2009.
Monday, 1 December 2008
Camry Hybrid Sets Milestone for Production in the US
Toyota has now produced its 100,000th Camry Hybrid at the Georgetown, Kentucky plant. After just two years, the $10 million investment at the plant has seen a trememdous output from the first plant in the US to produce a hybrid.
Back when the plant was first updated, the Prius and the Camry Hybrid were being built in Japan, resulting in a bottleneck in hybrid production. Every Camry Hybrid built meant a Prius was not being built. By moving production to the US, the plants in Japan were able to build more Prius, resulting in a huge production and sales gain. It's what allowed the Prius to move into the top 10 category for cars being sold.
Other car built at the plant include the Camry, Camry Hybrid, Avalon, Solara convertible and Venza. The plant is the largest manufacturing facility in North America and employs 7,000. It can produce up to 500,000 vehicles and engines annually.
Back when the plant was first updated, the Prius and the Camry Hybrid were being built in Japan, resulting in a bottleneck in hybrid production. Every Camry Hybrid built meant a Prius was not being built. By moving production to the US, the plants in Japan were able to build more Prius, resulting in a huge production and sales gain. It's what allowed the Prius to move into the top 10 category for cars being sold.
Other car built at the plant include the Camry, Camry Hybrid, Avalon, Solara convertible and Venza. The plant is the largest manufacturing facility in North America and employs 7,000. It can produce up to 500,000 vehicles and engines annually.
2009 Saturn Vue Recall Notice
There's a recall notice on the 2009 Saturn Vue. Some (2,149) may have been built with an incorrect right and/or left front steering knuckle.
I'm not sure what a steering knuckle is, but the overall consequences could be severe. It's unclear whether the Vue hybrid is affected, but I thought there was a possibility, so I'm posting the rest of the information here.
Recall Results : ODI - Office of Defects Investigation
I'm not sure what a steering knuckle is, but the overall consequences could be severe. It's unclear whether the Vue hybrid is affected, but I thought there was a possibility, so I'm posting the rest of the information here.
Recall Results : ODI - Office of Defects Investigation
GM IS RECALLING 2,149 MY 2009 SATURN VUE VEHICLES. SOME OF THESE VEHICLES MAY HAVE BEEN BUILT WITH AN INCORRECT RIGHT AND/OR LEFT FRONT STEERING KNUCKLE. AS A RESULT OF THE INCORRECT KNUCKLE AND RESULTING INADEQUATE CLEARANCE, THE TIE ROD BALL STUD COULD PULL OUT OF, OR FRACTURE, THE TIE ROD HOUSING. THIS COULD CAUSE THE TIE ROD TO SEPARATE FROM THE KNUCKLE.
Consequence:
ALTHOUGH STEERING CONTROL OF THE VEHICLE COULD BE MAINTAINED AFTER A TIE ROD SEPARATION BY THE UNAFFECTED WHEEL ON SMOOTH ROADS OR DURING LIGHT BRAKING, WITH MORE SIGNIFICANT SUSPENSION OR BRAKING INPUTS, THE AFFECTED WHEEL COULD TURN OUT AND SKID. IF A VEHICLE BUILT WITH TWO INCORRECT STEERING KNUCKLES HAD BOTH TIE RODS SEPARATE AT THE SAME TIME, STEERING CONTROL OF THE VEHICLE WOULD BE LOST, INCREASING THE RISK OF A CRASH.
Remedy:
DEALERS WILL INSPECT THE STEERING KNUCKLES AND, IF NECESSARY, REPLACE THE STEERING KNUCKLE(S) AND TIE ROD(S). THE RECALL IS EXPECTED TO BEGIN ON OR ABOUT DECEMBER 8, 2008. OWNERS MAY CONTACT SATURN AT 1-800-972-8876 OR THROUGH E-MAIL AT WWW.GMOWNERCENTER.COM.
Wednesday, 26 November 2008
Why Do We Avoid Certain Cars
J.D. Power and Associates most recent study (2008 Avoider Study(SM)) indicates consumers are looking for low prices and better gas mileage before they even consider a new car. This is the sixth year in a row J.D. Power and Associates has looked at what consumers are looking for and fuel economy is becoming a more important factor in decision buying.
These results don't seem surprising to me, but I wonder if it will hold true with gas prices dropping so much lately. The study ended in September, when gas prices were almost double what they are now.
It seems that 23 percent of new-vehicle buyers cited price as a reason to avoid certain models, while gas mileage climbed to 13 percent, up from 7 percent in 2004.
"In these tough economic times, a significant number of would-be new-vehicle buyers are postponing their purchases, but for those who are purchasing new vehicles, the market has shifted toward smaller, less expensive and more fuel-efficient models," said Jon Osborn, research director at J.D. Power and Associates in the press release. "Although we've recently seen a considerable decrease in the price of gasoline, consumers will not soon forget having had to pay in the range of $80 to $90 for a tank of gas earlier this year."
But, the study also indicates gas mileage is not about being environmentally conscious, since only 4 percent of buyers cited it for avoidance, down from 5 percent in 2007.
"With the recent trend in automotive marketing centered on 'green' vehicles for environmentally conscious buyers, it seems that now would be the time that environmental concerns would resonate strongly with new-vehicle buyers," said Osborn. "However, the reality is that environmental concerns are seldom mentioned as a reason to either avoid or purchase specific models. Gas mileage is now the primary factor in the new vehicle purchase decision, so it appears that buyers are looking for better gas mileage as a way to save money, rather than out of concern for the environment."
Styling is still the number one reason (43%), but long term reliability (22%), quality (14%) and resale value (16%) were also very important.
The 2008 Avoider Study is based on responses from more than 33,000 owners who registered a new vehicle in May 2008. The study was fielded August through September 2008.
These results don't seem surprising to me, but I wonder if it will hold true with gas prices dropping so much lately. The study ended in September, when gas prices were almost double what they are now.
It seems that 23 percent of new-vehicle buyers cited price as a reason to avoid certain models, while gas mileage climbed to 13 percent, up from 7 percent in 2004.
"In these tough economic times, a significant number of would-be new-vehicle buyers are postponing their purchases, but for those who are purchasing new vehicles, the market has shifted toward smaller, less expensive and more fuel-efficient models," said Jon Osborn, research director at J.D. Power and Associates in the press release. "Although we've recently seen a considerable decrease in the price of gasoline, consumers will not soon forget having had to pay in the range of $80 to $90 for a tank of gas earlier this year."
But, the study also indicates gas mileage is not about being environmentally conscious, since only 4 percent of buyers cited it for avoidance, down from 5 percent in 2007.
"With the recent trend in automotive marketing centered on 'green' vehicles for environmentally conscious buyers, it seems that now would be the time that environmental concerns would resonate strongly with new-vehicle buyers," said Osborn. "However, the reality is that environmental concerns are seldom mentioned as a reason to either avoid or purchase specific models. Gas mileage is now the primary factor in the new vehicle purchase decision, so it appears that buyers are looking for better gas mileage as a way to save money, rather than out of concern for the environment."
Styling is still the number one reason (43%), but long term reliability (22%), quality (14%) and resale value (16%) were also very important.
The 2008 Avoider Study is based on responses from more than 33,000 owners who registered a new vehicle in May 2008. The study was fielded August through September 2008.
Tuesday, 25 November 2008
Saturn Vue Hybrid Delayed
GM is delaying the launch of their new two-mode hybrid Saturn Vue. Built using the same technology as their other two-mode hybrids (Tahoe, Yukon and Escalade), the Vue hybrid launch is being pushed back into 2009.
It was originally scheduled to begin deliveries in December, 2008. Now it will start appearing in dealerships in 2009. The Vue was rumored to be delayed earlier this month, but now Saturn has confirmed it.
The Vue has been the test-bed for all things hybrid and GM. It has been a mild hybrid (once called the GreenLine), will be a full hybrid when it goes on sale in 2009, and GM also plans on delivering a plug-in version.
It was originally scheduled to begin deliveries in December, 2008. Now it will start appearing in dealerships in 2009. The Vue was rumored to be delayed earlier this month, but now Saturn has confirmed it.
"It will help save some costs, and it dominoes down the line," says Saturn spokesman Steve Janisse.So, they are pushing off the costs from this quarter into next. This sort of cost cutting is not affecting the development of the Chevy Volt, so far, but apparently every little bit helps GM push off their own bankruptcy.
In addition to postponing costs for distribution to dealers and marketing, Janisse says, "We can put off the expense of dealer training, and the dealers can put off buying special equipment to service the vehicle. It helps everybody right now."
The Vue has been the test-bed for all things hybrid and GM. It has been a mild hybrid (once called the GreenLine), will be a full hybrid when it goes on sale in 2009, and GM also plans on delivering a plug-in version.
Monday, 24 November 2008
The 2010 Mercury Milan Hybrid
Ford has introduced the 2010 Mercury Milan Hybrid at the Los Angeles Auto Show and there are a slew of upgrades to the Milan model, as well as to the hybrid system you may be familiar with in the Ford Escape and Mercury Mariner Hybrid. By introducing the Mercury Milan Hybrid and the 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid, Ford will be doubling the size of their hybrid models.
The new generation hybrid system has one feature that certainly makes it stand out. You can now drive up to 47 mph in electric mode, which is quite an upgrade. I'm guessing you can only travel a mile or three on all electric. But for those interested in hypermiling or just in saving gas, the upgrade in speed will give you more options.
The engine is a new 2.5-liter 4-cylinder engine running the Atkinson cycle mated to an electronically-controlled continuously variable transmission (e-CVT). It can produce 155 hp/136 lb.-ft. of torque. The electric motor is powered by a smaller, lighter nickel metal hydride battery pack. The battery, despite being smaller, is producing 20 percent more power, while running at higher temperatures. It is cooled by using cabin air.
Ford has also upgraded the transition between the electric and gas modes, making it more seamless than before. The transition is governed by the Intake Variable Cam Timing (iVCT) The spark and cam timing are varied according to the engine load to optimize efficiency and emissions.
A new enhanced, electronic throttle control reduces airflow on shutdowns. That cuts down on fuel needed on restarts.
A smart climate control system only runs the gas engine as needed to heat the cabin, while the A/C is run off an electric compressor.
The regenerative brake system recovers nearly 94 percent energy, followed by friction brakes during city driving. A simulator brake actuation system dictates brake actuation and delivers improved brake pedal feel compared to the previous generation braking system.
Ford has also updated the drivers interaction with the hybrid system with their new SmartGuage with EcoGuide. Two high resolution, full color liquid crystal displays (LCD) on both sides of the speedometer can be configured to show different levels of information. You can take a look at the fuel and battery levels or average and instant mpg. You can also keep track of how efficiently you're driving using Ford's leaves and vines system (the more leaves you have the better you are).
There are four different data screens to choose from:
All levels can show instant fuel economy, fuel economy history, odometer, engine coolant temperature, what gear the car is in and trip data (trip fuel economy, time-elapsed fuel economy and miles to empty). The engine coolant temperature indicator turns green when engine conditions are warm enough to allow engine pull-down.
Several other elements help differentiate the Milan Hybrid from its gas-powered sibling, including unique hybrid “road and leaf” badging on both sides and the rear of the vehicle; unique 17-inch, eight-spoke wheels; eco-friendly seat fabric made from post-industrial 100 percent recycled materials; and a standard 110-volt power outlet.
Other changes to the Milan include the fascia being pulled down, while the chin was pulled forward to give it a wider look.
On the inside, metallic finishes were applied to the instrument panel, center console, doors and steering wheel. A soft upper and lower skin was applied to the instrument panel to give it a softer look. A leather wrapped steering has form fitting palm swells, a new shifter and wrapped and padded armrests have been added.
Ford also added in their capless fuel filler system. As stated, there is no cap. Just remove the pump nozzle and the system automatically seals shut.
Hood insulators, inner and outer dash absorbers, new carpet, revised ceiling baffles, additional sound deadening in the trunk, new interior material and new headliner material are among the improvements made to the sound insulation. Ford also worked on the body and door sealing to cut down on wind noise.
New technology features available on the 2010 Milan include:
The new generation hybrid system has one feature that certainly makes it stand out. You can now drive up to 47 mph in electric mode, which is quite an upgrade. I'm guessing you can only travel a mile or three on all electric. But for those interested in hypermiling or just in saving gas, the upgrade in speed will give you more options.
The engine is a new 2.5-liter 4-cylinder engine running the Atkinson cycle mated to an electronically-controlled continuously variable transmission (e-CVT). It can produce 155 hp/136 lb.-ft. of torque. The electric motor is powered by a smaller, lighter nickel metal hydride battery pack. The battery, despite being smaller, is producing 20 percent more power, while running at higher temperatures. It is cooled by using cabin air.
Ford has also upgraded the transition between the electric and gas modes, making it more seamless than before. The transition is governed by the Intake Variable Cam Timing (iVCT) The spark and cam timing are varied according to the engine load to optimize efficiency and emissions.
A new enhanced, electronic throttle control reduces airflow on shutdowns. That cuts down on fuel needed on restarts.
A smart climate control system only runs the gas engine as needed to heat the cabin, while the A/C is run off an electric compressor.
The regenerative brake system recovers nearly 94 percent energy, followed by friction brakes during city driving. A simulator brake actuation system dictates brake actuation and delivers improved brake pedal feel compared to the previous generation braking system.
Ford has also updated the drivers interaction with the hybrid system with their new SmartGuage with EcoGuide. Two high resolution, full color liquid crystal displays (LCD) on both sides of the speedometer can be configured to show different levels of information. You can take a look at the fuel and battery levels or average and instant mpg. You can also keep track of how efficiently you're driving using Ford's leaves and vines system (the more leaves you have the better you are).
There are four different data screens to choose from:
- Inform: Fuel level and battery charge status
- Enlighten: Adds electric vehicle mode indicator and tachometer
- Engage: Adds engine output power and battery output power
- Empower: Adds power to wheels, engine pull-up threshold and accessory power consumption
All levels can show instant fuel economy, fuel economy history, odometer, engine coolant temperature, what gear the car is in and trip data (trip fuel economy, time-elapsed fuel economy and miles to empty). The engine coolant temperature indicator turns green when engine conditions are warm enough to allow engine pull-down.
Several other elements help differentiate the Milan Hybrid from its gas-powered sibling, including unique hybrid “road and leaf” badging on both sides and the rear of the vehicle; unique 17-inch, eight-spoke wheels; eco-friendly seat fabric made from post-industrial 100 percent recycled materials; and a standard 110-volt power outlet.
Other changes to the Milan include the fascia being pulled down, while the chin was pulled forward to give it a wider look.
On the inside, metallic finishes were applied to the instrument panel, center console, doors and steering wheel. A soft upper and lower skin was applied to the instrument panel to give it a softer look. A leather wrapped steering has form fitting palm swells, a new shifter and wrapped and padded armrests have been added.
Ford also added in their capless fuel filler system. As stated, there is no cap. Just remove the pump nozzle and the system automatically seals shut.
Hood insulators, inner and outer dash absorbers, new carpet, revised ceiling baffles, additional sound deadening in the trunk, new interior material and new headliner material are among the improvements made to the sound insulation. Ford also worked on the body and door sealing to cut down on wind noise.
New technology features available on the 2010 Milan include:
- Blind Spot Information System (BLISTM) with Cross Traffic Alert, which can help provide extra confidence to drivers in parking lots by alerting drivers sooner of nearby traffic while backing out. It uses two multiple beam radar modules, which are packaged in the rear quarter panels. The radar detects moving objects within a 65-foot range from either side of the vehicle. The radar identifies when a vehicle enters the defined blind spot zone and illuminates an indicator light on the corresponding side-view mirror providing a warning that a vehicle is approaching. An audible alert is sounded as well.
- SYNC: The voice-activated hands-free in-car communication and entertainment system developed by Ford and Microsoft. The system fully integrates most Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones and digital media players, providing customers hands-free cell phone and music selection capabilities – plus new 911 Assist and Vehicle Health Report provided with no monthly fees.
- 911 Assist: When a phone is properly paired, turned on and connected to SYNC, the system is ready to assist in placing a call directly to a local 911 emergency operator in the event of an air bag-deploying accident. The key advantage of SYNC 911 Assist is speed, as calls are placed directly to local 911 operators.
- Vehicle Health Report (VHR): SYNC gathers relevant information from the major vehicle control modules and packages diagnostic data into a usable format in a matter of minutes. That data packet is sent to Ford via an 800-number automatically dialed using the customer’s paired and operable mobile phone.
- Voice-Activated Navigation, which integrates several functions including voice recognition destination entry, climate control and SIRIUS satellite radio into one easy-to-use system, displaying them on an 8-inch touch-screen display. The navigation system’s text-to-speech function calls out street names while in route to a destination and reads incoming text messages when the system is linked to SYNC. The integrated DVD player is capable of reading CD-Audio, MP3 CDs, DVD, DVD-Audio and DVD-ROM (for digital map updates). A music jukebox function stores more than 150 hours of music. The screen even can be customized with personal photos.
- SIRIUS Travel Link™, an industry-leading technology that, when combined with the voice-activated navigation system will provide users with real-time traffic data with accident and incident information, coast-to-coast weather data including current conditions and five-day forecasts, and fuel price information for over 120,000 gas stations. Travel Link also offers sports scores and schedules and a listing of more than 4,500 movie theaters with movie times, theater addresses, movie synopses and more.
- Reverse Camera System, which mounts a small camera on the spoiler that is activated when Milan is shifted into reverse, giving the driver a clear view behind the vehicle. The video image is displayed in the optional navigation screen on Milans equipped with that option or in the self-dimming rearview mirror vehicles without navigation.
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